Doccol 線拴是國(guó)際腦缺血研究中常用線拴，是 Nature，Stroke，J Neurosci 等雜志報(bào)道最多的線拴。根據(jù)谷歌學(xué)術(shù)的搜索結(jié)果，截止至目前，已經(jīng)有數(shù)千篇研究腦缺血的文獻(xiàn)引用了 Doccol 線栓。僅 2024 年 1 月至 12 月就有 347 篇，文獻(xiàn)目錄見我們的網(wǎng)站。美國(guó)的 Doccol 線拴是腦缺血 MCAO 模型穩(wěn)定的保證，可將腦梗塞體積標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差減少至 5%，并避免蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血，不需要激光多普勒檢測(cè)血流也能獲得極為穩(wěn)定的結(jié)果。同時(shí)，每只鼠 MCAO 的線栓成本可能僅為 30-50 元（可重復(fù)使用型號(hào)，視重復(fù)使用次數(shù)決定）。靶點(diǎn)科技是 Doccol 線栓中國(guó)總代理，大鼠和小鼠常用型號(hào)的栓線都是現(xiàn)貨，Doccol線栓MCAO栓線腦缺血線栓選購(gòu)指南：
Doccol MCAO 線拴可以將腦梗塞體積標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差減少至 5%成功的 MCAO 模型的腦血流在插入線拴時(shí)會(huì)有斷崖式下降；在拔出線拴后，激光多普勒檢測(cè)的血流會(huì)很快恢復(fù)。采用硬質(zhì)尼龍魚線線拴，極易戳破血管，造成蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血（Subarachnoid hemorrhage·）。手術(shù)過程中血管如果被線拴戳破，腦血流不會(huì)有斷崖式下降，而是緩慢下降；在拔出線拴后，腦血流也不會(huì)恢復(fù)。造成腦梗塞體積變異的原因還有，不充分的梗塞血管或線拴移位造成的血流下降程度不均一及提前灌注。因此，線栓的質(zhì)地是 MCAO 模型穩(wěn)定的關(guān)鍵。
對(duì)于 MCAO 模型來說，主要有兩種線拴，無包被的火焰熔燙圓頭線拴及硅膠包被線拴。研究表明 (Tsuchiya et al. 2003)，無包被的圓頭線拴在 MCAO 實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中可能導(dǎo)致高達(dá) 40% 的蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血，而其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差可能比平均值的 50% 還要大。另一項(xiàng)技術(shù)文章表明 (Shimamura et al. 2006a)，硅膠包被線拴要遠(yuǎn)好于無包被的圓頭線拴，其結(jié)果更為穩(wěn)定，即使對(duì)于沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的實(shí)驗(yàn)者來說也是如此。而多聚賴氨酸包被的線拴只能增加死亡率，不能減少梗賽體積的變異程度 (Huang et al. 1998)。
Doccol MCAO 線拴全部為硅膠包被，圓潤(rùn)、柔軟、包被均勻，即使在沒有激光多普勒實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)的情況，也不會(huì)將血管戳破。使用自制的硅膠包被的線拴，大鼠 (Schmid-Elsaesser et al. 1998) 及小鼠 (Shah et al. 2006) 的腦梗塞體積的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差均在 30% 左右。而使用 Doccol MCAO 線拴可以得到更好的結(jié)果。對(duì)于大鼠 MCAO 模型來說，使用 Doccol MCAO 線拴得到的結(jié)果的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差可達(dá) 10%-20% （Ruscher et al.2012；Ishizaka et al.2013；Sakata et al.2012；Candelario-Jalil et al. 2008；Khan et al. 2006；Liu et al. 2006；Shimamura et al. 2006b；Solaroglu et al. 2006；Tsubokawa et al. 2007；Tsubokawa et al. 2006a；Tsubokawa et al. 2006b)。對(duì)于小鼠來說，使用 Doccol MCAO 線拴得到的結(jié)果的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差可達(dá) 5%-10%(Chen et al.2014; Bae et al.2013; Jin et al.2011; Gu et al.2012; Kleinschnitz et al. 2007; Maysami et al. 2008; Pignataro et al. 2007b; Pignataro et al. 2007c)。
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